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History Sites – By Time Periods

Miscellaneous-
20th. Century Warriors: Native American Participation in the U.S. Military –
       http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq61-1.htm 
A History of the Northwest Coast - http://www.hallman.org/indian/.www.html
American Indian History - http://www.geocities.com/native_america2001/History.html
American Indian History and Related Issues -  http://www.csulb.edu/projects/ais/index.html#north
California Native Cultures - http://www.californiahistory.net/Native_1.htm
Chokmah - The Chickasaw Historical Research Page - http://home.flash.net/~kma/
Crazy Horse Archives - http://www.wintercount.org/archives/texts/
Defense Equal Opportunity Management Institute –
       https://www.patrick.af.mil/deomi/research%20main%20pages/RPUB.HTM  -
       Native American History Month 2001 –
       Native American History Month 2000 –
       Native American History Month 1999 –
       Native American History Month 1997 –
       Native American History Month 1995 –
       Review of Data Native Americans 2000 –
       Review of Data Native Americans 1996 –
First Nation Histories - http://www.tolatsga.org/Compacts.html
Four Huron Wampum Records - History and Mnemonic Symbols –
     http://www.canadiana.org/cgi-bin/ECO/mtq?id=592d0157c5&display=06665+0003
Hanford Cultural and Historical Resources Program - http://www.hanford.gov/doe/culres/native.html
History Channel - http://www.historychannel.com/index.html
History Matters, the U.S. Survey course on the Web.
History of the American West - 1860-1920, Library of Congress, American Memory Library –
     http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/award97/codhtml/
History of the BIA – “From War to Self-Determination - http://www.americansc.org.uk/indians.htm
Indian Running: Native American History and Tradition (Text. Peter Nabokov, 1981) –
     http://www.peabody.harvard.edu/mcnh_running/spiritnew.html
Indian Wars - http://www.1st-hand-history.com/IndianWars/album1.html
Native American History - http://www.lang.osaka-u.ac.jp/~krkvls/history.html
On This Date in North American Indian History - http://philkon.tripod.com/
Shawnee Indian Mission - http://www.kshs.org/places/shawnmis.htm

Pre-Contact – before 1492
Adena Burial Mounds - http://www.gbl.indiana.edu/abstracts/adena/mounds.html
America Before Columbus  by Lewis Lord with Sarah Burke in U.S. News and World Report (July 8, 1991,
     pp. 22-37) - http://www.millersv.edu/~columbus/data/art/LORD-01.ART
Ancient America before 1492 - http://www.bedfordstmartins.com/history/cap/con_index.htm?01
Ancient Architects of the Mississippi - http://www.cr.nps.gov/aad/feature/feature.htm
Ancient Aztalan - http://www.madison.k12.wi.us/whitehorse/ss/intro.htm - details, diagrams and drawing on
     this Wisconsin site
Ancient Meso-American Civilizations - http://www.angelfire.com/ca/humanorigins/index.html
Ancient Monuments in Arkansas - http://www.cast.uark.edu/~shelley/html/parkin/monumentpg.html -
     pictures, info, map
Ancient Ruins - http://boe.cabe.k12.wv.us/jefferso/habitat/ancient.html - about Besh-Ba-Gowah in Arizona
Before the Europeans - http://www.ukans.edu/history/VL/USA/ERAS/prediscovery.html
Cahokia Mounds State Historical Site - nice site with pictures and info –
     http://medicine.wustl.edu/~kellerk/cahokia.html
California History: Pre-European Population - http://www.ccnet.com/~laplaza/calhist1.htm
Casa Rinconda - a copy of the guide from the National Park –
     http://www.ratical.org/southwest/CRsiteGuide95.html
Clovis / Pre-Clovis Problem - http://www.ele.net/art_folsom/preclvis.htm
Mississippian and Late Prehistoric Period, The (A.D. 900-1700) - http://www.cr.nps.gov/seac/misslate.htm
Mystery of the First Americans - http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/first/
Site of Anderson's Fort of Soldier's Mound - in Dickens County, Texas -
     http://atlas.thc.state.tx.us/scripts/viewform.cgi?atlas_num=5125004721&site_name
=Site+of+Anderson's+Fort+of+Soldier's+Mound&SEARCHTYPE=ATLAS
 
Southeastern Prehistory: Paleoindian Period - http://www.cr.nps.gov/seac/outline/02-paleoindian/index.htm
Southeastern Prehistory: The Archaic Period - http://www.cr.nps.gov/seac/outline/03-archaic/index.htm
Southeastern Prehistory: The Woodland Period - http://www.cr.nps.gov/seac/outline/04-
     woodland/index.htm
Southeastern Prehistory: The Mississippian and Late Prehistoric Period –
     http://www.cr.nps.gov/seac/outline/05-mississippian/index.htm
The West – 8 part PBS documentary series - http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/program/
     Episode 1: The People /To 1806 (9 sections) - http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/program/episodes/one/
Understanding the Ancient Americas: Foundation, Flourishing, and Survival –
     http://www.cis.yale.edu/ynhti/curriculum/units/1994/3/ - from the Yale-New Haven Teachers Institute

Exploration and Colonial Period – 1492 – 1770’s
1492: An Ongoing Voyage - Library of Congress Exhibition –
     http://sunsite.unc.edu/expo/1492.exhibit/Intro.html
1600-1750 – http://www.csulb.edu/projects/ais/nae/1600-1750.html
1750-1800 - http://www.csulb.edu/projects/ais/nae/1750-1800.html
A brief history of King Philip's War, 1675-1677: being a summary of the articles appearing in the New-
     England Historical and Genealogical Register from 1883 to 1891, under the title, "Soldiers in King
     Philip's War" - George M. Bodge (George Madison), 1841-1914 (E-Text) –
     http://www.canadiana.org/cgi-bin/ECO/mtq?doc=49541
A Fair Trade ? – (Jamestown) - http://apva.org/exhibit/trade.html
Age of Discovery, The – by Wilcomb E. Washburn –
     http://www.millersv.edu/~columbus/data/art/WASHBR05.ART
Alabama Tribes Resources - http://www.archives.state.al.us/related.html#Ala%20Indians
Arrow of Disease, The - http://www.millersv.edu/~columbus/data/art/DIAMOND1.ART - copyrighted
     article on the spread of European diseases in the New World from Millersville University's Columbus
     Database
Bosque - Larios Expedition – 1675 – Texas –
     http://atlas.thc.state.tx.us/scripts/viewform.cgi?atlas_num=5507000462&site_name=
Bosque+-+Larios+Expedition&SEARCHTYPE=ATLAS
Butler's Rangers - British & Indian forces during the Revolutionary War –
     http://iaw.on.ca/~awoolley/brang/brang.html
California Mission Research Association (CMRA) - looking into the early 21 California missions & other
     hispanic sites - http://www.ca-missions.org/
     CMRA Links Page - http://www.ca-missions.org/links.html - links to lots of historical sites
Colonization and Print in the Americas –
     http://www.library.upenn.edu/special/gallery/kislak/index/cultural.html - Includes sections on: Viewers
     and the Viewed; Print and Native Cultures; Colonial Fictions, Colonial Histories. University of
     Pennsylvania (1998)
Columbus – “The Admiral and the Chief” - http://www.millersv.edu/~columbus/data/art/WILSON04.ART
Conquest Channel – Midwest American Conquest - http://www.conquestchannel.com/ccc.html
     Native American conquest in the New World during the 16th century is investigated. Good site for
     lots of information on many Midwest regions.
East Central Arizona History - http://www.geocities.com/~zybt/arizona.htm 
Forgotten Founders: The Iroquois and Tribal Government (Text, Bruce E. Johansen) –
     http://www.ratical.com/many_worlds/6Nations/FF.html
Jeffrey Amherst and Smallpox Blankets - Lord Jeffrey Amherst's letters discussing germ warfare against
     American Indians - http://www.nativeweb.org/pages/legal/amherst/lord_jeff.html
Journey of Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca, The –
     http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/resources/archives/one/cabeza.htm
King Phillip's War -
http://www.plimoth.org/Library/Wampanoag/wamppost.htm
King William's War (1689-1697) - http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Hills/1094/will.htm
Last of the Mohicans, The - James Fennimore Cooper, 1757 (E-Text) –
     http://www.bibliomania.com/0/0/23/50/frameset.html
Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson, The - Mary Rowlandson (E-Text) –
     http://digital.library.upenn.edu/webbin/gutbook/lookup?num=851
Native Alaskan Culture and the Russian Orthodox Church - http://lcweb.loc.gov/exhibits/russian/s1a.html
New views of the origin of the tribes and nations of America - Benjamin Smith Barton, 1766-1815 (E-Text)
     http://www.canadiana.org/cgi-bin/ECO/mtq?doc=42881
Northeast Captivity Stories - http://users.javanet.com/~smartin/
Oneida and the Birth of the American Nation: 1777 - http://one-web.org/oneida/1777.html
Pequot War by Alfred Cave,The (A Review 1996) -
     http://h-net2.msu.edu/reviews/showrev.cgi?path=4757851716593
Plimoth on Web - The Living History Museum of Plymouth Colony -
http://www.plimoth.org/Library/library.htm#wamp
Plymouth - http://pilgrims.net/plymouth/history/mayflower.html    
Pre-Contact to 1600 - http://www.csulb.edu/projects/ais/nae/to_1600.html
Spain in Meso-America - http://www.csulb.edu/projects/ais/nae/spanishcontact.html
Spanish Exploration and Conquest of Native America - http://www.floridahistory.com/ - Hernando de Soto
     invaded Native America in the 1640s.  This site describes large Indian villages that existed at the time
     and the results of Spanish warfare and diseases.
The West – 8 part PBS documentary series - http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/program/
Tituba- Reluctant Witch of Salem: Devilish Indians and Puritan Fantasies by Elaine Breslaw (A Review,
     1996) - http://h-net2.msu.edu/reviews/showrev.cgi?path=1631846635341
We Must Do Their Thinking for Them (Text, Jordan S. Dill) - http://www.dickshovel.com/Wemust.html

Early National Period – 1780’s – 1820’s
1800-1830 - http://www.csulb.edu/projects/ais/nae/1800-1830.html
Big Bottom Battleground –1791 - info and picture of the battlefield in Ohio –
     http://www.ohiohistory.org/places/bgbottom/
Creeks –
     Among the Creeks - http://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cmamcrk4/
     Attack on Fort Sinquefield - part of the Creek War in 1813 –
          http://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cmamcrk4/crkwr4.html#anchor494335
     Creek Indian history as it relates to the Southeast - http://members.surfsouth.com/~nifa/hislink.html
     Fort Mims Massacre -
http://members.aol.com/canerossi/ft_mims/index.htm
     Halbert & Ball: The Creek War of 1813 and 1814 –
          http://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cmamcrk4/hbtoc.html
     Louis LeClerc Milfort's Memoirs -
http://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cmamcrk4/mlfrttoc.html
     Travels of William Bartram, The - http://www.bartramtrail.org/
     What Bartram Saw - http://www.rootsweb.com/~almobile/brtrm1.html
     William Bartram among the Creeks - http://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cmamcrk4/brtrmck1.html
     Writings of Benjamin Hawkins, Indian Agent -
http://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cmamcrk4/crkhk1.html
Early Indian Policies - http://www.connerprairie.org/historyonline/policy.html
Fur Trade –
     Fur Trade Period in the Indian Territory, The - http://www.telepath.com/erics/furtrade/fur1.html
     Narrative of Col. Robert Campbell’s experiences in the Rocky Mtn. fur trade - 1825 TO 1835 –
          http://www.xmission.com/~drudy/mtman/html/camp_nar.html
Pertinent Texts and Images in the 19th Century –
     http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/railton/projects/rissetto/pertinent.html
The Lewis and Clark Expedition –
     Native Nations Encountered by Lewis and Clark - http://www.pbs.org/lewisandclark/native/index.html -
          Arikaras, Assinoboines, Blackfeet, Chinooks, Clatsops, Hidatsas, Mandans, Missouris, Nez Perces,
          Otos, Shoshones, Teton Sioux, Tillamocks, Walla Wallas, Wishrams, Yankton Sioux
     Real Audio Commentary On How Lewis and Clark Dealt With Native Americans - A PBS sponsored
          site. - http://www.pbs.org/lewisandclark/living/idx_6.html - Interview with
     Gerard Baker (Mandan-Hidatsa) on the significance of Lewis and Clark
Tecumseh - http://users.anderson.edu/%7Eroebuck/Tecumseh.html
The West – 8 part PBS documentary series - http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/program/
     Episode 2: Empire Upon the Trails /1806-1848 (12 sections) –
          http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/program/episodes/two/

Removal Period – 1820’s – 1840’s
1830-1850 - http://www.csulb.edu/projects/ais/nae/1830-1850.html
Applegate Trail: the Southern Route of the Oregon Trail - about the trail and the people on and near it
     http://www.webtrail.com/applegate/index.html
Battle of Rosalis –
     http://atlas.thc.state.tx.us/scripts/viewform.cgi?atlas_num=5029000329&site_name=
Battle+of+Rosalis&SEARCHTYPE=ATLAS
Battle of the Knobs – on November 10, 1837 –
     http://atlas.thc.state.tx.us/scripts/viewform.cgi?atlas_num=5497000333&site_name=
Battle+of+the+Knobs&SEARCHTYPE=ATLAS
Black Hawk's War – 1832 - a short article and links from the Electric Library site –
     http://www.encyclopedia.com/articles/01536.html
Catlin's Letters and Notes - many of his documents –
     http://www.xmission.com/~drudy/mtman/html/catlin/index.html
Cherokee –
     1835 Cherokee East of the Mississippi Census index –
          http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/1835census/index.htm
     Cherokee Indians - http://www.ads-net.com/rustic/cherokee.html
     Laws of the Cherokee Nation - http://www.commonlaw.com/Cherokee.html
     Traail of Tears - http://ngeorgia.com/history/nghisttt.html
Indian Removal Act (1830) - http://www.studyworld.com/indian_removal_act_of_1830.htm
Letters and notes on the manners, customs, and condition of the North American Indians: written during
     eight year's travel amongst the wildest tribes of Indians in North America, in 1832, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38,
     and 39George Catlin, 1796-1872. (E-Text) - http://www.canadiana.org/cgi-bin/ECO/mtq?doc=32970
Life among the Indians - George Catlin, 1796-1872 (E-Text) –
     http://www.canadiana.org/cgi-bin/ECO/mtq?doc=26831
Reflections on Race and Manifest Destiny by Thomas Jimson (1992) –
     ftp://ftp.halcyon.com/pub/FWDP/Americas/manifest.txt
Schermerhorn, John Freeman (1787-1859), Papers, 1809-1909 –
     http://www.system.missouri.edu/whmc/invent/native.htm#2
Settling Amongst the Indians in Texas -The Robert Potter Papers - http://www.duke.edu/~kkh1/potter.html -
     Autobiographical sketch by Mrs. Harriet Page Potter Ames on her families adventures as "original"
     Texas settlers in Harrison County, Texas. Ms. Ames stories of conflict with her Indian neighbors
     provides insight into the mindset of a white American settler. The desire to move West out of manifest
     destiny, seems to outweigh any guilt felt at disenfranchising the indigenous peoples of this country.
     Harriet Potter gives provides us with a first hand account of this desire. The original carbon copy of this
     diary was donated to the Duke Special Collections by Judge Robert W. Winston. The location of the
     actual diary is unknown.
The West – 8 part PBS documentary series - http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/program/

Concentration/Reservation Period – 1840’s- 1880’s (Including the Plains Indian Wars)
1850-1875 - http://www.csulb.edu/projects/ais/nae/1850-1875.html
1864-1874 - http://www.csulb.edu/projects/ais/nae/1864-1874.html
1875-1890 - http://www.csulb.edu/projects/ais/nae/1875-1890.html
American West, The – A Clash of Cultures –
     http://www.bedfordstmartins.com/history/cap/con_index.htm?17
Articles of Confederation Entered into between Muscogees, Seminoles, Choctaws and Chickasaws and the
     CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA, July 1, 1861 –
     http://www.uwm.edu/People/mwilson/treaties/1861.html
Battle Creek, Nebraska - about a fight in 1859 - http://panesu.esu14.k12.ne.us/subject/markers/Battle-Creek
Battle of the Little Bighorn: Two Perspectives - http://www.mohicanpress.com/battles/ba04002.html
     Two Views of the Greasy Grass Battle (Little BigHorn): The Native and the Non-Native –
          http://www.csulb.edu/projects/ais/nae/chapter_4/001_002_4.04.jpg - One an Indian drawing by Red
          Horse, a Minneconjou Sioux, and an illustration which appeared in Harper's Weekly. 
    
Custer Battlefield Historical and Museum Association - http://www.cbhma.org/ 
    
Indian Memorial at the Little Bighorn Battlefield National Monument –
          http://www.usd.edu/~iais/bighorn/docarchive/bigarchive.html - Public Law 102-201 signed by
          President George Bush on December 10, 1991, renamed Custer Battlefield National Monument in
          Montana as Little Bighorn Battlefield National Monument and called for the design and construction
          of a living memorial and monument to recognize the Indians who fought, on either side, to preserve
          their land and culture in the Battle of the Little Bighorn, fought on June 25-26, 1876.
     Lakota Noon at the Greasy Grass - http://www.thehistorynet.com/WildWest/articles/06962_text.htm -
          Greg Michno. Interesting account accompanied by a map of the battle.
     The American Indian:
          An Annotated Roster of the American Indian Participants in the Battle of the Little Bighorn –
               http://www.montana.edu/wwwfpcc/tribes/Bighorn.html
          Mato Wanartaka's (Kicking Bear's) Account of the Battle –
               http://www.artsednet.getty.edu/ArtsEdNet/Resources/Maps/battle.html
          Indian Memorial at Little Bighorn Battlefield National Monument –
               http://www.nps.gov/libi/indmem.htm - "If this memorial is to serve its total purpose, it must not
               only be a tribute to the dead, ; it must contain a mesage for the living...power through unity..."
               Enos Poor Bear Sr., Oglala Lakota Elder
          Ben Nighthorse Campbell - http://www.usd.edu/~iais/bighorn/docarchive/ben.html - 1990:
               Commentary on a bill to authrize the establishment of an Indian Memorial at Custer Battlefield
               National Monument
          Monument Name Change - http://www.usd.edu/~iais/bighorn/docarchive/PBLCLAW.html - 1991
               "The Custer Battlefield National Monument in Montana shall, on and after the date of enactment
               of this Act, be known as the 'Little Bighorn Battlefield National Monument' " (Public Law 102-
               201)
          Killing Custer - http://www.h-net.msu.edu/reviews/showrev.cgi?path=7142868547590 - A review of
               the book by Blackfeet-Gros Ventre author James Welch
          Red Horse - http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/wpages/wpgs660/bighorn.htm - A Lakota account of
               the battle
          Kate Bighead - http://www.stedwards.edu/cfpages/farrall/eye.htm - A Cheyenne's woman's account of
              the battle
     The Non-Indian
          Battle of the Little Big Horn - http://www.intuitive.com/custer/Archive/history.html
          The Custer Battlefield National Monument – 1986 –
               http://geogweb.berkeley.edu/GeoImages/Starrs/CUSTER.html 
         
The Little Big Horn National Monument Advisory Committee –
               http://www.usd.edu/~iais/bighorn/docarchive/bigarchive.html  Documents Archive concerning
               recent history on the Indian Monument "Peace Through Unity."
          The Little Big Horn Coverup - http://www.thehistorynet.com/WildWest/articles/0696_text.htm
          Notes from The North American Indian - http://www.curtis-collection.com/tribe%20data/custer.html
               E.S. Curtis
Battle of the Little Washita – (Kiowa) - on July 6, 1870 –
     http://atlas.thc.state.tx.us/scripts/viewform.cgi?atlas_num=5009000334&site_name=
Battle+of+the+Little+Wichita&SEARCHTYPE=ATLAS
Battle of North Fork of Red River – Comanches -  On Sept. 29, 1872 in Texas –
     http://atlas.thc.state.tx.us/scripts/viewform.cgi?atlas_num=5179000324&site_name=
Battle+of+North+Fork+of+Red+River&SEARCHTYPE=ATLAS
Battle of Palo Duro Canyon – on September 28, 1874
     http://atlas.thc.state.tx.us/scripts/viewform.cgi?atlas_num=5381005290&site_name=
The+Battle+of+Palo+Duro+Canyon,+September+28,+1874.&SEARCHTYPE=ATLAS
Battlerock Battle - from the Tacoma Public Library –
     http://www.tpl.lib.wa.us/cgi-win/fulltcgi.exe/Battlerock_Battle|indian.bat/battlero.bat
Bear River Battle – Shoshone – January 27, 1863 –
     http://www.tpl.lib.wa.us/cgi-win/fulltcgi.exe/Bear_River_Battle|indian.bat/bearrive.bat
Benkelman, Nebraska Historical Marker - about a battle between Pawnee Killer and Gen.Custer on June 24,
     1867
Big Meadow Battle – Cayuse – on May 27, 1856 –
     http://www.tpl.lib.wa.us/cgi-win/fulltcgi.exe/Big_Meadow_Battle|indian.bat/bigmeado.bat
Bird Creek Indian Battle – Texas - on May 26, 1839 –
     http://atlas.thc.state.tx.us/scripts/viewform.cgi?atlas_num=5027000410&site_name=
Bird+Creek+Indian+Battle&SEARCHTYPE=ATLAS
Black Hills Treaty - http://www.nara.gov/exhall/originals/sioux.html
Bonney Lake Battle – Washington Territory – 1855 –
     http://www.tpl.lib.wa.us/cgi-win/fulltcgi.exe/Bonney_Lake_Battle|indian.bat/bonneyla.bat
Buffalo Soldiers on the western frontier - a page dedicated to these men –
     http://www.imh.org/imh/buf/buf3.html
Cabin Creek - about this Civil War battle - http://www2.cr.nps.gov/abpp/battles/ok006.htm
Captivity of the Oatman girls - a "narrative of life among the Apache and Mohave Indians" in 1851 –
     http://moa.umdl.umich.edu/cgi-bin/moa/sgml/moa-idx?notisid=ABB5623
Cascades Battle – Oregon – 1856 - detailed web site from the Tacoma Public Library –
     http://www.tpl.lib.wa.us/cgi-win/fulltcgi.exe/Cascades_Battle|indian.bat/cascade.bat
Civil War Comes To Indian Territory, The - http://users.rcn.com/wovoka/Pmchap3-05.htm#P244_68904
Condition of the Indian Tribes (1865) - Congressional Report containing important information on the Sand
     Creek Massacre (E-Text) - http://moa.umdl.umich.edu/cgi/sgml/moa-idx?notisid=ABB3022
Demise of the Buffalo (1871) - http://www.curtis-collection.com/demiseofbuffalo.html
Fort Phil Kearny State Historic Site - dedicated to the preservation, development, and
     interpretation at Fort Phil Kearny, the Fetterman & Wagon Box Battles, and along
     the Bozeman Trail -
     http://web.ccsd.k12.wy.us/Social%20studies/04/0403philkearny.html
Little Bighorn Notes by Edward S. Curtis -
     http://www.curtis-collection.com/tribe%20data/custer.html
Manifest Destiny and Western Canada - http://www.dickshovel.com/two.html - A Critical Re-evaluation
     of the Geopolitical Objectives of the United States Government's Northern Plains Indian Wars of the
     1860s and 1870s, and their Encompassing Historical Contexts.
Massacre on the Marias (1870) - http://www.dickshovel.com/parts.html
Nez Perce –
     Big Hole Battle - from the Tacoma Public Library –
          http://www.tpl.lib.wa.us/cgi-win/fulltcgi.exe/Big_Hole_Battle|indian.bat/bighole.bat
     Big Hole National Battlefield Home Page - the National Park Service's site on the Nez Perce War site
          http://www.nps.gov/biho/
     Camas Meadow Battle –
          http://www.tpl.lib.wa.us/cgi-win/fulltcgi.exe/Camas_Meadow_Battle|indian.bat/camasmea.bat
Sand Creek -
     A 1996 interview with Shermann Goose, an elder of the Southern Cheyenne Nation –
          http://www.krma.org/tears/interv1.html
     A 1996 interview with John Snipes, Jr. John is the great-grandson of Mochis, a survivor of Sand Creek
          and later a female Cheyenne warrior - http://www.krma.org/tears/interv2.html
     San Creek Cheyenne - http://www.curtis-collection.com/sandcreek.html
The West – 8 part PBS documentary series - http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/program/
     Episode 3: Speck of the Future /1848-1856 (11 sections) –
          http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/program/episodes/three/
     Episode 4: Death Runs Riot /1856-1868 (9 sections) –
          http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/program/episodes/three/
     Episode 5: The Grandest Enterprise under God /1868-1874 (12 sections) –
          http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/program/episodes/five/
     Episode 6: Fight No More Forever /1874-1877 ( 7 sections) –
          http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/program/episodes/six/
Which Old West and Whose ? - http://us.history.wisc.edu/hist102/lectures/lecture03.html
Wounded Knee –
     1931 Account of the Battle - http://www.wintercount.org/archives/scans/woundedknee.html - By
          Brigadier General E.S. Godfrey. Commander of Troop D, 7th Cavalry in the Fight
     Wounded Knee - http://www.dickshovel.com/aimhis.html
     Wounded Knee Site Index - http://dickshovel.netgate.net/WKmasscre.html
     Wounded Knee South Dakota - http://www.vt.edu:10021/D/dsebolt/knee.html
     Wovoka-The Messiah - The Ghost Dance –
          http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/wpages/wpgs680/gdmessg.htm

Allotment/Reform Period – 1880’s – 1930’s
1890-1900 - http://www.csulb.edu/projects/ais/nae/1890-1900.html
1900-1950 - http://www.csulb.edu/projects/ais/nae/1900-1950.html
Alcatraz: The Story of American Indian Inmates - http://www.nps.gov/alcatraz/tours/hopi/hopi-g1.htm
     Written by Ranger Craig Glassner, this site tells of the Army's use of Alcatraz as the nation's first
     permanent military prison and focuses on the imprisonment of a number of Native Americans from 1873
     to 1895.
Alcatraz: The Story of the Hopi Inmates, Part 1 - http://www.nps.gov/alcatraz/tours/hopi/hopi-h1.htm -
     This website is a joint project of the National Park Service and the Hopi Cultural Preservation Office. 
     The articles and photographs document an event connecting the history of the Hopi people and Alcatraz. 
     The story of the Alcatraz inmates is authored by Wendy Holliday, Historian with the Hopi Cultural
     Preservation Office.
Alcatraz: The Story of the Hopi Inmates, Part 2 - http://www.nps.gov/alcatraz/tours/hopi/hopi-h2.htm - In
     connection with Part 1 of this collection, this site traces the government's Indian policy and the effect it
     had on the people of Hopi in the late 19th century, culminating with the imprisonment of 19 Hopi men
     by the U. S. Army on Alcatraz Island in 1895.
Code Talkers –
     Native American Code Talkers - The Choctaw, Comanche and Navajo in World War I and II –
          http://www.dcmilitary.com/marines/hendersonhall/6_47/local_news/12178-1.html
     Navajo Code Talkers' Dictionary Revised as of June 15, 1945 (DECLASSIFIED UNDER
          DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE DIRECTIVE 5200.9) –
          http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq61-4.htm
     Navajo Code Talkers' Dictionary - Compare the above - http://wae.com/webcat/navajos.htm
Dawes Act (1887): Land Allotment - http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/statutes/native/dawes.htm
Harriman Expedition - A Precurser to The North American Indian ? -  by ES  Curtis -
     http://www.curtis-collection.com/tribe%20data/harriman.html
Indian Reorganization Act (Wheeler-Howard Act 1934) –
     http://www.warmsprings.com/history/treaty/wh_act.htm
Indian Reorganization Act Era: Constitutions and Charters - http://thorpe.ou.edu/IRA.html
Killing the White Man's Indian: Reinventing Native Americans by Fergus Bordewich (A Review, 1996) –
     http://h-net2.msu.edu/reviews/showrev.cgi?path=3981851712130
Remaining Causes of Indian Discontent (John Okison, 1907) - 
     http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/cgibin/browse-mixed?id=OskCaus&tag=public&images=
images/modeng&data=/texts/english/modeng/parsed
 
Significance of the Frontier in American History – The Frederick Jackson Turner Thesis –
     http://xroads.virginia.edu/~HYPER/TURNER/ 
The West – 8 part PBS documentary series - http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/program/ -
     Episode 7: The Geography of Hope /1877-1887 (13 sections) –
          http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/program/episodes/seven/
     Episode 8: One Sky ABove Us /1887-1914 (13 sections) –
          http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/program/episodes/eight/

Termination Period – 1940’s – 1960’s
1950-1990 - http://www.csulb.edu/projects/ais/nae/1950-1990.html

Self-Determination Period – 1960’s –
1950-1990 - http://www.csulb.edu/projects/ais/nae/1950-1990.html
Alcatraz Occupation: The Story - http://www.nps.gov/alcatraz/indian.html - The 1969 occupation of
     Alcatraz Island is seen as a watershed event in contemporary Native American history. This site provides
     a brief history of the occupation as documented in book, "The Occupation of Alcatraz Island, Indian
     Self-determination and The Rise of Indian Activism by Dr. Troy Johnson.
Alcatraz Occupation in photographs - http://www.csulb.edu/projects/ais/alcatraz/ - This collection of
     photographs and descriptions by Ilka Hartmann tell the story of the American Indian occupation
     of Alcatraz Island through the eyes of those who made up the occupation force.

Timelines
19th-Century Timeline of Native Americans - http://www.ilt.columbia.edu/k12/naha/1800s.html -
     A Native American Navigator Project with important links to history
A Native American Timeline - http://www.vivanet.com/~rawcomm/
A Timeline of Events and References :Leading up to and through the founding of Jamestown –
     http://www.apva.org/history/timeline.html
Arizona History - a timeline - http://www.carizona.com/nvalleyhistory.html
Historical and Legislative Review of Federal Indian Policy - http://www.doi.gov/oait/docs/timeline.htm -
     From 1776 to the present
Major Pre-Columbian Indian Cultures in the U.S. - http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0002130.html
This Week in American Indian History - http://members.tripod.com/~PHILKON/index.html
Timeline: Developed for the PBS Documentary: The West (1996) –
     http://www3.pbs.org/weta/thewest/wpages/wpgs200/w201500.htm
Timeline for Native American History - http://www.ilt.columbia.edu/k12/naha/natime.html
Timeline: Northern Plains Native Americans –
     http://hanksville.phast.umass.edu/june95/lakota/timeline2.html


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This page was last modified January 17, 2007